Window sales and installation consist of coordinated modules: measurement-based planning, choice of insulating glass and surface finishes, profile configuration, selection of hardware according to ventilation scenarios, assembly of the installation gap, and final adjustment. Each module has its own measurement parameters and documentation, ensuring the designed thermal and acoustic performance is maintained.
Key Selection Guidelines
| Parameter | Determines | Effect On |
|---|---|---|
| Insulating glass type | Heat and noise resistance | Winter comfort, interior quietness |
| Profile depth | Rigidity and thermal performance | Correct geometry, no drafts |
| Hardware | Pressure and durability | Smooth sash movement, safety |
| Installation gap | Tightness and longevity | No condensation, no drafts |
1) Measurement and Opening Design
Measurements capture net dimensions, levels, diagonals, the condition of the reveals, and the supporting substrate. At this stage, expansion gaps, the need for additional profiles, and allowable frame depth for the specific wall are determined.
- Recorded: width and height at multiple points, surface irregularities, drainage condition, location of installations.
- Documentation: draft plan with constraints, tolerance sheet, checklist of preparatory room works.
- Checks: diagonal consistency, substrate evenness under the sill, no obstacles for fasteners.
2) Insulating Glass and Surface Treatments
Insulating glass is chosen based on pane type, spacer frame, and specific surface treatments. For noisy streets, acoustic performance is crucial; for sunny facades, solar control matters; for humid areas, thermal bridge-resistant edges are essential.
Table of glass solutions:
| Task | Configuration | Indicators of Correct Choice |
|---|---|---|
| Quiet bedroom | Glass with varied thickness and enlarged chamber | Reduced noise without frame vibration |
| Thermal comfort in wind | Low-emissivity coating and warm spacer frame | No cold edge, dry reveals |
| Light without overheating | Selective coating | Comfortable illumination without glare |
Additional considerations include condensation risk at the spacer, compatibility with chosen hardware for sash weight, and permissible glass dimensions.
3) Profile, Reinforcement, and Installation Depth
The profile determines rigidity and thermal performance. Reinforcements distribute loads and prevent deformation. Installation depth depends on wall thickness and planned reveal finishes.
- Profile wall thickness and type of reinforcement.
- Frame depth and position in the opening relative to insulation layers.
- Heat transfer coefficient at calculation points.
- Support requirements for sash weight.
4) Hardware and Ventilation Modes
Hardware controls pressure, ventilation modes, and durability. High-rise buildings require reinforced corner transmissions and seasonal pressure adjustments. For children’s rooms, limiters and micro-ventilation positions are important.
Mini table of settings:
| Scenario | Mode | Check |
|---|---|---|
| Continuous airflow | Micro-ventilation position | Even air supply without drafts |
| Quick ventilation | Tilt-turn mode | No sudden stress on hinges |
| Safety | Opening limiter | Stable pressure, sealing maintained |
5) Installation Gap, Tapes, and Drainage
The gap acts as a “three-zone sandwich”: inner vapor barrier, middle thermal insulation, outer waterproof layer. Proper sequence ensures structural longevity and prevents moisture in the reveals.
- Components: vapor barrier tapes, thermal insulation, exterior tapes protecting from rain and UV.
- Drainage: free channels, correct outlet positioning, slope check.
- Checks: dry edge after rain test, no drafts along perimeter, uniform gap.
6) Adjustment, Handover, and Passport
After installation, sashes are adjusted for pressure and geometry; movement is tested for smooth operation. Opposite positions, pressure, and ventilation modes are recorded. Final data is compiled into a passport for seasonal adjustments.
- Check handle operation in all positions.
- Even pressure around perimeter within specified limits.
- Water drainage without obstacles, dry edges.
- Photo documentation of joints and list of applied tapes.
Documentation Included
| Document | Contents | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Draft Plan | Dimensions, tolerances, opening position | Basis for installation and finishing |
| Window Passport | Insulating glass type, hardware, settings | Seasonal adjustments and service |
| Hidden Works Report | Installation gap composition and fasteners | Proof of sealing |
| Photo Documentation | Joints, drainage, tapes | Reference for future work |
This modular sequence ensures thermal performance, acoustics, and operational requirements are met without compromise. Tables allow comparing room tasks with the construction, and checklists track areas prone to defects. Documentation records parameters, making maintenance predictable throughout the window’s life.